Development of Self-management Scale and Norm for Middle School Students

Based on literature research, theoretical discussion and questionnaire survey, the study developed the Self-management Scale for middle school students.The pilot test was conducted among 372 students in Changchun.The result shows that the Scale consists of 14 sub-dimensions and three sub-scales: social management, management of knowledge and time as well as management of mental health.Then the reliability and validity of scale were tested among 486 students from Beijing, Changchun and Chengdu and the norm has been developed.The Self-management Scale and three sub-scales all show acceptable reliability and validity, which indicates that the Scale could be widely used in practical teaching.Finally, specific recommendations for middle school student to improve their self-management are offered.