Bianzhang Patterns in Sanxingdui and Adversaria of Ancient Shu

Bianzhang unearthed from Pit 2 of Sanxingdui has four pictures with five-layer-patterns on both sides, which convey rich information. The top two layers show that wizards' motivation is to force the god of mountains and rivers obedient; while the fourth and fifth layers show the needed costume, the set of instruments and wizards' posture when casting spells to the gods of nature. So Bianzhang is wizard's file. The wizard's gestures also have significant meanings in witchery culture. The huge hand pressing mountains means people worship and hold down the god of mountains. The Yazhang stuck into the mountainside means people's control over the mountain god. Ivory is the instrument used by wizard of Gongyu nationality for ordering the gods of mountains and rivers, when drying or flooding is necessary. And the bronze hand circles appear in Sanxingdui as well as in Jinsha and Baoji Rujia Zhuang. According to these clues, it can be inferred that Shu people in Sanxingdui started immigrating to Chengdu and settled in Jinsha after the middle of Yin Dynasty; then they were dubbed as Gongyubo and immigrated toward the south bank of Weihe River.