Abstract: Ancient phonology is a branch of traditional phonology, the important part of Chinese phonology. Ancient phonology study is ancient Chinese phonology ontology research and ancient phonology history research. Homophony is very important in Chinese and is closely related to the Chinese phonology study, especially the antediluvian Chinese phonology study. Homophonic and ancient phonology studies are, on one hand, using homophonic material to comb and reconstruct the ancient Chinese phonetic system, and on the other hand, making historical research on homophony and ancient Chinese phonology. This paper combs and discerns the origin and historical evolution of homophony and ancient Chinese phonology, expecting to summarize and explore new research perspectives and development direction for Chinese phonology, Chinese philology, Chinese phonetic history, etc.