1672-8505

CN 51-1675/C

“数字契约的权力游戏”:平台型媒体用户协议和隐私条款的权力角逐与治理进路

The Power Game of Digital Contracts: The Struggle for Authority and Governance Approaches in Platform Media User Agreements and Privacy Policies

  • 摘要: 平台型媒体既是信息的集散地,又是数字权力的博弈场。数字化浪潮下,作为数字权力掮客的平台型媒体立足于用户服务协议和隐私条款,向上承接法律,向下服务用户,从被治理对象积极转变为主动的管理者。在由平台型媒体主导的权力场域中,用户以“点击同意”这一简单的签订模式与平台型媒体达成复杂的契约关系。而用户协议与隐私条款的层层叠加和互相嵌套加剧了用户数据身份的透明性。同时,平台资本与社会公共利益、私域权力与公共权力、商业价值与社会价值之间的复杂且微妙的张力加剧并产生了权力关系的重新分配以及由此产生的用户权力失衡现象。鉴于此,需要从媒介价值观的角度进行综合考量,从而嵌入隐私设计与分层授权的强制规约机制、构建文本降维与摘要置顶的算法透明机制、激活知情选择权与多元共治的契约协商空间,以平衡平台型媒体的数字权力,保护用户的合法权益,促进数字社会的健康发展。

     

    Abstract: Digital platforms function as both hubs of information circulation and arenas of power negotiation. In the context of digital transformation, platform-based media—acting as key intermediaries in digital power structures—rely on user service agreements and privacy policies to mediate between legal frameworks above and user practices below, shifting from governed entities to active governors of user behavior. Within platform-centered power structures, users enter complex contractual relationships through the simple act of "clicking to agree". The accumulation and interlocking of user agreements and privacy policies further increase the visibility of user data practices. At the same time, tensions among platform capital and public interest, private and public authority, and commercial and social values intensify, leading to a redistribution of power relations and resulting in user power asymmetries. In response, a comprehensive governance approach grounded in media values is required. This includes embedding privacy-by-design mechanisms and tiered access authorization, constructing algorithmic transparency through textual mediation and hierarchical information presentation, and creating participatory spaces for informed consent and multi-stakeholder governance. These measures aim to rebalance digital platform power, protect users' legitimate rights and interests, and promote more equitable and sustainable digital governance.

     

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