Abstract: Digital modes of existence and lifestyles have become a primary manifestation of the transformation of contemporary human communicative practices. Within this digital context, how to understand the evolving patterns of individuals′ ideological orientations, emotional states, and behavioral practices in digital interactions—and, on this basis, to explore effective pathways for providing targeted educational guidance—has become a pressing issue that ideological and political education must address. The integration of digital and intelligent technologies offers a significant opportunity for methodological innovation in this field. As a product of the integration of traditional ethnography and digital technologies, digital ethnography not only continues the qualitative tradition of interpreting cultural meanings in depth, but also overcomes the temporal–spatial constraints and sample limitations of conventional research through technological tools. In the era of big data, ideological and political education faces multiple challenges, including transformations in research subjects, the declining effectiveness of traditional methods, and the urgent task of constructing an autonomous knowledge system. Taken together, these challenges underscore the necessity of introducing digital ethnography into this field. At the same time, the ongoing advancement of digital and intelligent technologies, the pervasive diffusion of digital life, and the institutional guidance of macro-level policies jointly provide favorable conditions for its application. Focusing on key stages such as field immersion, data collection, thick description, and the translation of findings into practice, digital ethnography is expected to establish an empirical research pathway that combines strong empirical grounding with robust technological support. In doing so, it can provide solid methodological support for the construction of an autonomous knowledge system in ideological and political education and enhance its theoretical explanatory power and practical responsiveness.