Abstract: The molecular modification and design of proteins (enzymes) are major challenges for human beings in the face of complex nature. They happened in accident incidents and adhered to inevitable law in the natural evolution of proteins, which is meaningful for the protein industry. In this paper, new strategies and the implementation process for the molecular modification and design of novel biological enzymes are introduced, as well as some advanced research teams and their achievements, in order to provide reference for proteins molecular modification and design.