Abstract: The craftsmanship spirit embodies the value pursuit, professional competence, and work ethics of laborers, featuring strong practicality and contemporary relevance. With the advancement of new quality productive forces, its connotation has been further enriched to include the responsibility of “Great Craftsmen,” the meticulous spirit of innovation, and the ethical commitment to green development. Currently, vocational colleges face multiple challenges in fostering this spirit: a cognitive challenge arising from superficial understanding and oversimplified educational approaches; an identity challenge reflected in students’ weak professional identification and a misaligned educational focus; and a practical challenge involving insufficient guidance and inadequate supportive conditions. To address these issues, it is imperative for vocational colleges to deepen industry-education integration to construct a new framework for cultivating craftsmanship, enhance teachers' professional quality to improve the quality of guidance, and stimulate students' subjective initiative to boost the internal motivation for embracing the craftsmanship spirit.